CATWOE

Customer – the beneficiary or victim of the system’s activity. Actor – a person who carries out one or more of the activities in the human activity system. Transformation Process – the core transformation process of a human activity system is expressed as the conversion of some input to some output. Weltanschauung – the (unquestioned) image or model of the world which makes this particular human activity system (with its particular transformation process) a meaningful one to consider. Owner – the person or persons who could modify or demolish the human activity system being studied. Environmental Constraints – the environment in which the human activity system exists and operates, including impositions which the system takes as given (Checkland, 1993: 312-319).