Chakravarti K. Singh and Shristi D. Sinha
The signal received by the missile seeker is processed in the monopulse receiver to determine the direction (bearing and elevation) of the target. The sum and difference voltages generated by the signal are electronically manipulated to obtain the boresight error (angle) to the missile seeker. This angle is processed to provide appropriate guidance to the missile. In the presence of multipath in sea environment, this signal is a combination of the direct target return and a return seemingly emanating from the target image beneath the sea surface. This concept of multipath is utilized in terrain bounce jamming to jam the missile seeker. This paper focuses on the study of the effect of terrain bounce jamming on missile guidance based on analysing the boresight error to the missile seeker.
James A. Wanliss and Peter Dobias
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been used across a variety of different fields such as biology and plasma physics. This paper presents the application of EMD to time series of security incidents from Afghanistan. This methodology enables separation of different modes intrinsic to the data, thus enabling better understanding of various overlying trends when compared to more conventional methodologies, and it provides a venue for the in-depth analysis of multi-scale dynamical properties of the data. In particular, the approach does not require a priori assumptions about time dependence of various data sub-components, such as periodicity of variations, thus providing a superior approach to conventional methods of analyzing violence data such as seasonal decomposition not only for the analysis of stochastic and fractal properties of the data, but even for a more conventional analysis of violence trends in direct support of military operations.
Margaret J. Trotter, Paul M. Salmon and Michael G. Lenné
Improvisation has the potential to enhance safety and operational effectiveness in complex sociotechnical systems in situations for which no procedures exist, or more commonly, where circumstances prevent known procedures from being enacted as specified. Such situations commonly arise in fast-paced, high-risk, uncertain, dynamic environments such as the battlefield. Little is known regarding improvisation and what factors influence the ability to improvise appropriately and successfully. In order to generate system reforms designed to support appropriate improvisation, it is first necessary to confirm that improvisation is indeed influenced by factors outside of individual operators; that is, to confirm that it is a systems phenomenon. This paper describes the first three stages of a research program designed to confirm this and to establish a comprehensive, systems-based model of the factors influencing improvisation. In doing so, we report the findings from an extensive literature review, followed by two case studies of improvisation incidents. Finally we report the results of a survey designed to gather data on the factors influencing improvisation within a high risk, uncertain and dynamic context—the led outdoor activity domain. In closing, a prototype systems-based model of improvisation, developed based on the findings from the three studies, is presented.
Peter Pong
The Australian Department of Defence is on the cross-roads of transitioning from DoDAF Version 1.5 to AUSDAF Version 2.0, which is a variant of DoDAF Version 2.0. Whilst the philosophy between these two versions of the framework are distinctly different, the Systems Engineer (SE) often receives a mix of Defence clients adopting either one of the pseudo architecture standards for specification development. In order to accommodate this spectrum of customers’ methodology recommendations, the aim of this paper is to address the diverse range of clients. Attention is given, not only to the execution of the methodologies, but also to the approaches we take to align with the Australian Defence two pass approval process. In this paper, a tool agnostic process for architecture development is introduced to support most architecture tasks performed in Defence. Furthermore, the process incorporates association of the process artefacts with a few acquisition-based standards, which often used by most systems engineering tasks.
Mike Ryan, University of New South Wales, Canberra
Paul Salmon, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
