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Antenna Calculators

A one-page set of antenna tools for aperture, beamwidth, gain, and off-boresight estimates.

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Generic Antenna

Frequency (30 kHz to 110 GHz)

Unit

Efficiency (0.3 to 1)

Antenna diameter (0.25 to 100 m)

Unit

Effective aperture

0 m²

Half-power beamwidth

0 rad

A_e = ηπD² / 4
θ_b ≅ 1.2λ / D

Square Pyramidal Horn

Frequency (30 kHz to 110 GHz)

Unit

Efficiency (0.3 to 1)

Width, d (2 to 15 cm)

Unit

Gain

0

Half-power beamwidth

0 rad

G = η4πd² / λ²
θ_b = 0.88λ / d

Parabolic Antenna

Frequency (30 kHz to 110 GHz)

Unit

Efficiency (0.3 to 1)

Diameter (0.25 to 100 m)

Unit

k (1 to 1.5)

Off-boresight angle, θ (0 to 1 rad)rad

Gain

0

Half-power beamwidth

0 rad

Off-boresight gain

0

G = η(πD / λ)²
θ_b = kλ / D
g(θ) ≈ η(πD / λ)²e^{-2.76(θ / θ_b)²}

Helical Antenna

Frequency (30 kHz to 110 GHz)

Unit

Number of turns, n

Turn spacing, S

Unit

Turn diameter, D

Unit

Gain

0

G ≈ 15nSπ²D² / λ³
Axial-mode helical antennas commonly fall near 10 to 15 dBi.

Communications Fundamentals

You may be interested in reading more in Communications Fundamentals: Chapter 12.

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